TREATY OF CONSTANTINOPLE As conservative regimes tried to consolidate their power, liberalism and nationalism came to be increasingly associated with the revolution in many regions of Europe such a
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THE ROMANTIC IMAGINATION AND NATIONAL FEELING The development of nationalism did not come about only through wars and territorial expansion. Culture played an important role in creating the idea of
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HUNGER, HARDSHIP AND POPULAR REVOLT The 1830s were years of great economic hardship in Europe. The first half of the nineteenth century saw an enormous increase in population all over Europe. In mo
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1848: THE REVOLUTION OF THE LIBERALS Parallel to the revolts of the poor, unemployed and starving peasants and workers in many European countries in the year 1848, a revolution led by the educated
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LIBERTY AND EQUALITY OF WOMEN How were liberty and equality for women to be defined? The liberal politician Carl Welcker, an elected member of the Frankfurt Parliament, expressed the following v
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